What is PITI? Understanding your financial situation

by Debbie Goldberg 06/08/2025

PITI, which is short for "principal, interest, taxes and insurance," is an essential term to know for anybody seeking a mortgage loan. The acronym refers to the relationship between these four numbers expressed in a ratio and can tell lenders about your financial status. Here is a breakdown of the term and why it matters to potential homeowners and borrowers:

Basic definitions

Principal

The principal is the amount of a loan before adding any interest. When you make a down payment on a mortgage or loan, the amount is deducted from the principal. For example, if you make a 20% down payment on a $250,000 mortgage toward the principal, the remaining principal amount would be $200,000.

Interest

Interest rates are based on a percentage and represent the amount of money you will pay in addition to your principal amount. Interest rates are considered a fee for borrowing the money, as they go back to the lender as profit. The percentage may remain the same throughout the life of the loan, but the amount you pay will gradually decrease as the principal amount decreases.

Taxes

Property taxes support your local community and pay for things like emergency services, infrastructure maintenance and public schools. Property tax amounts vary from one location to another and can also change from year to year. To find out how much your property taxes are every year, you can find the value of your home through a professional appraisal.

Insurance

Homeowners insurance is not always required by mortgage lenders, but proof of coverage is a common condition of your loan. Insurance rates vary both by location and provider.

Why does PITI matter?

Knowing your PITI means knowing how large of a mortgage you can afford. It also means having a more in-depth awareness of your financial situation, making it possible to find the best opportunities and homes in your price range. Remember these key terms and keep them in mind when considering mortgage options and your home search.

About the Author

Debbie Goldberg

I'm a full time Realtor with over 30 years of experience yet young enough to embrace today's ever-changing scope of marketing and technology. Having grown up in Connecticut and moved many times (too many to count!) I can empathize with today's buyers and sellers. Strictly maintaining ethical standards and being a fierce advocate on behalf of my clients are things I take very seriously. As a buyer, you can expect me to listen to and evaluate your real estate wants and needs. I can assist in explaining relevant forms, agreements, and closing procedures. I will guide you through the process of finding the right home, negotiating your offer, adhering to all contract dates and terms as well as final walk through and closing procedures. As a seller, I will listen to and evaluate your goals, needs, and timing in order to properly price your home to get the maximum exposure needed to attract the right buyers. In addition to negotiating on your behalf, I will make sure we communicate throughout the entire process as we navigate the contract terms, finance and inspection contingencies, as well as all closing procedures. I was born in Japan, grew up in Hamden and lived in New York, Ohio and Southern California before settling down in New Haven county to raise two kids, two dogs and a cat. I'm passionate about good food and love to bake. Some of my free time has been spent volunteering at Temple Beth Sholom, a synagogue where my family has been members for over 40 years. I also spend time at Tower One/Tower East, an assisted living center in New Haven where my mother-in-law now resides. 30 years of helping buyers and sellers achieve their goals has given me the peace of mind to know that what I do everyday matters. If you are thinking of buying or selling please keep me in mind.